Which types of fires cannot be extinguished with water?
2025-09-01
We know that water has many uses. When there is a fire or other danger, fire monitors are used to extinguish the fire with water. But is water万能 (all-purpose)? Let's take a look.
1. Flammable liquids that are lighter than water and insoluble in water should generally not be extinguished with water.
2. Alkali metals cannot be extinguished with water. Because when water reacts with alkali metals (such as potassium and sodium), it decomposes water to produce hydrogen gas and releases a large amount of heat, which can easily cause explosions.
3. Carbides and hydrides of alkali metals cannot be extinguished with water. For example, potassium carbide, sodium carbide, aluminum carbide, calcium carbide, as well as potassium hydride and magnesium chloride react chemically with water, releasing a large amount of heat, which may cause fire and explosions.
4. Molten iron and molten steel cannot be extinguished with water. Because the temperature of molten iron and steel is about 1600°C, and steam at temperatures above 1000°C can decompose into hydrogen and oxygen, posing an explosion hazard.
5. For fires involving high-voltage electrical equipment, water should generally not be used to extinguish the fire if there is no proper grounding or if the power has not been cut off.
6. The three acids (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid) should not be extinguished with a strong water stream. If necessary, a spray water flow can be used to extinguish the fire.
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